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SGPC

The committee that runs the historic gurdwaras, and the politics that run the committee.

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1. 1920-1925Akali movement for gurdwara reformFrom 1920 to 1925 Sikhs took their historic gurdwaras back from hereditary priests and government control through mass morchas, ending in the Sikh Gurdwaras Act 1925 and the SGPC.
2. Feb 20, 1921Nankana Sahib MassacreA jatha of 150 Sikhs was attacked at Gurdwara Janam Asthan on 20 Feb 1921; 82 to 156 killed by varying counts. Narain Das was sentenced to death, cut to life on 3 Mar 1922.
3. Nov 1921-Jan 1922Keys Morcha (Morcha Chabian) over the Golden Temple keysIn November 1921 the government seized the keys of the Golden Temple treasury. Mass arrests followed, and on 19 January 1922 the keys were handed to Baba Kharak Singh at Sri Akal Takht Sahib.
4. Aug 1922Guru Ka Bagh MorchaFrom Aug 1922 Akali jathas were beaten without raising a hand; 5,605 Sikhs went to jail before the garden was leased in Nov 1922 and the prisoners freed in Apr 1923.
5. Jul 1923-Aug 1925Jaito Morcha for the Maharaja of Nabha and the Gangsar akhand pathAfter the Maharaja of Nabha was forced to abdicate in July 1923, Akali jathas marched to Jaito for two years, were fired on in February 1924, and ended the morcha in August 1925.
6. Jul 7, 1925Sikh Gurdwaras ActThe Sikh Gurdwaras Act, passed on 7 July 1925 and in force from 1 November 1925, listed 241 historic gurdwaras in Schedule I for a Central Board, later the SGPC.
7. 1927Shaheed Sikh Missionary CollegeFounded to honor 1921 Shaheeds
8. Oct 13, 1935Ambedkar declares at Yeola that he will not die a HinduDr B.R. Ambedkar told a Dalit conference he would leave Hinduism. The SGPC answered with a Sikh mission and a 1936 conference at Amritsar; he finally chose Buddhism in 1956.
9. Apr 1936Ambedkar-SGPC talks at AmritsarAmbedkar addressed the SGPC's Sikh Mission conference at Amritsar in April 1936, but he and his followers ultimately did not adopt Sikhism.
10. Feb 3, 1945Sikh Rehat Maryada standardizedAuthoritative Sikh conduct code
11. Jan 1965SGPC electionsFateh Singh's 90-45 victory conclusive
12. Nov 22, 1967Master Tara Singh diesEnd of Partition-era Akali leadership
13. Oct 30, 1972Sant Fateh Singh diesEnd of the Sant Fateh Singh era
14. 1973Tohra elected SGPC PresidentFirst of about 27 terms as SGPC President; the last ended with his death in office in 2004
15. Oct 16-17, 1973Anandpur Sahib Resolution adoptedFoundational Akali political document
16. Jan 26, 1986Sarbat Khalsa at Sri Akal Takht SahibPanthic Committee constituted; SGPC declared dissolved
17. 1996Moga DeclarationAkali Dal redefined from Panthic to Punjabi
18. 1997SAD-BJP alliance; Badal becomes CMPanthic party allied to Hindutva
19. Jul 2004Akal Takht edict against the RSS and Rashtriya Sikh SangatIn July 2004 the Akal Takht told Sikhs to keep away from the RSS and its Sikh wing, the Rashtriya Sikh Sangat. The Akal Takht reaffirmed the edict in 2017.
20. Aug 2005Manmohan Singh apologises in Parliament for 1984Cases reopened; the senior accused still go unconvicted
21. 2007Dera Sacha Sauda imitation controversyAkal Takht acts against Ram Rahim; the Dera backs Congress that year
22. 2007, 2012Second and third Badal governmentsPeak institutional capture of SGPC
23. Sep 24, 2015Akal Takht pardons Gurmeet Ram RahimHighest Sikh authority seen operated by a party
24. Nov 2015Sedition FIR names 20 organisers; SGPC voids resolutionsStatute defeats assembly
25. Nov 10, 2015Sarbat Khalsa at ChabbaOver a lakh by same-day count; 13 resolutions; bound nobody
26. Jun 2020 onward328 saroops of Sri Guru Granth Sahib missing from SGPC recordsAn Akal Takht inquiry found 328 saroops unaccounted for in 2020. Only after Bhai Baldev Singh Wadala's morcha of more than five years did police register an FIR, in December 2025.
27. 2021 onwardChristian conversion among Dalits in Punjab's border villagesReports from 2021 show Mazhabi Sikh and Valmiki families turning to churches in Punjab's border belt, and the SGPC and Akal Takht answering with a campaign. The numbers are disputed.
28. Aug 30 and Dec 2, 2024Akal Takht declares Sukhbir Badal tankhaiya, then pronounces his tankhahInstitution judges its former operator
29. Feb 5-16, 2025US military deportation flights land at AmritsarThree US military planes brought more than 330 deported Indians to Amritsar in February 2025. Many were Punjabis, and Sikh deportees on the second flight said their turbans were taken.
30. May 7-10, 2025India-Pakistan confrontation of May 2025 and its toll on PunjabAfter the Pahalgam attack, India and Pakistan traded strikes for four days. Punjab saw drones, a family killed at Ferozepur, shut borders and a still-closed Kartarpur corridor.
31. Aug-Sep 2025Punjab's worst floods since 1988Record August rain and heavy dam releases flooded the Sutlej, Beas and Ravi plains in August and September 2025, submerging nearly 1,900 villages and reaching Kartarpur Sahib across the border.
32. Jan 14-20, 2026CM Mann's 169 saroops claim at Muktsar and the government's U-turnsMann said the SIT had found 169 of the 328 missing saroops at a shrine near Banga. The shrine denied it, and within days his Finance Minister twice changed the government's line.
33. Apr 13-19, 2026Punjab passes a stricter sacrilege law, the Jaagat Jot Satkar Amendment ActThe Vidhan Sabha unanimously raised penalties for sacrilege of Sri Guru Granth Sahib to 20 years, or life for conspiracy. The Akal Takht objected that Sikh bodies were not consulted.
34. Jun 24-30, 2026Maharashtra clears repeal of the 1956 Hazur Sahib Act, then puts it on holdThe Maharashtra cabinet approves replacing the law that governs Takht Sri Hazur Sahib, Nanded; the Takht issues a gurmata against it and the state shelves the draft after a week.
35. Jun 29, 2026Akal Takht summons every Sikh MLAFirst time all appeared together; one-month deadline on the sacrilege law
36. Jul 22, 2026Rajoana writes to the Akal Takht to summon the BJP's Sikh leaders over his mercy petitionBhai Balwant Singh Rajoana asked the acting Jathedar to summon the BJP's Sikh leaders over a mercy petition pending about 15 years, or else have the SGPC withdraw it.
37. Oct 13, 2026Anti-drug activist Parvinder Singh Jhota killed in MansaJathedar declares him shaheed on Oct 16

Also in this topic

• AA. K. Fazlul HuqPremier of Bengal; moved the Lahore Resolution of 1940
• AAdvocate Ishar SinghAdvocate of the Telangana High Court; headed the 2020 inquiry into the missing saroops of Sri Guru Granth Sahib
• AmritsarThe Sikh holy city, founded by Guru Ram Das in 1577. Home of Sri Harmandir Sahib, Sri Akal Takht Sahib and the SGPC; scene of Jallianwala Bagh (1919) and Operation Blue Star (1984).
• Are Sikhs a separate religion? 'Ham Hindu Nahin' and the argument sinceThe RSS and some laws place Sikhs in a wider Hindu fold; Kahn Singh Nabha answered 'Ham Hindu Nahin' in 1898. What the statutes, one Supreme Court sentence and the Akal Takht say.
• KBaba Kharak SinghPresident of the SGPC and leader of the Keys Morcha (Morcha Chabian), 1921 to 1922; president of the Central Sikh League
• Babbar Akali MovementA secret armed offshoot of the Akali movement, born after the Tarn Taran and Nankana Sahib killings of 1921. It was most active from 1922 to 1923; six Babbars were hanged on 27 February 1926.
• BBarjinder Singh HamdardHead of the Ajit group of newspapers, Jalandhar; former Rajya Sabha member
• BBhagwant MannChief Minister of Punjab since 16 March 2022; leader of the Aam Aadmi Party in Punjab
• BBhai Baldev Singh WadalaFormer Hazoori Ragi at Sri Darbar Sahib; head of Sikh Sadbhawna Dal; founder of Sher-e-Punjab Dal
• DBhai Dhian Singh MandActing Jathedar of Sri Akal Takht Sahib named by the 2015 Sarbat Khalsa; Akali Dal (Amritsar) leader; former MP
• GBhai Gurmeet SinghBandi Singh; life convict in the 1995 Beant Singh assassination case
• PBhai Paramjit Singh MandWorking president (acting president) of Dal Khalsa
• BBibi Jagir KaurFormer SGPC president; senior Akali leader; leader of the 2024 and 2025 rebel Akali factions
• Central Sikh MuseumThe SGPC's museum above the main entrance of Sri Harmandir Sahib, opened in July 1958. Which portraits hang there, from 1984 figures to Manmohan Singh, is repeatedly argued over.
• Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee (DSGMC)The elected statutory body that runs Delhi's historic gurdwaras under the Delhi Sikh Gurdwaras Act, 1971. It built the Wall of Truth for the 1984 victims and is split between rival Akali groups.
• Dera Sacha SaudaSirsa-based sect with a large Dalit following. Its chief's 2007 imitation row, the 2015 pardon and its reversal, and his convictions and paroles shape recent Panthic politics.
• Did agents of the Indian state kill Hardeep Singh Nijjar?Canada alleged a link to Indian agents in 2023, India denies it, and a July 2026 US indictment names gangsters. No court has decided. The record in order, and the Panthic answer.
• Did the Akali leadership invite or accept the army action of June 1984?Some Sikh voices say the Akali leaders invited or helped the Army in. The record shows talks until late May, the leaders inside the complex, and a disputed charge that they surrendered.
• Does Article 25 of the Indian Constitution treat Sikhs as Hindus?Explanation II counts Sikhs as Hindus for one sub-clause only, yet Sikh bodies see absorption. The text, the Hindu Marriage Act, a 2002 Commission's advice to delete it, and the Panthic answer.
• DDr B. R. AmbedkarJurist, social reformer and chairman of the Drafting Committee of India's Constitution
• Farooqabad (Chuharkana Mandi), PakistanTown in Sheikhupura district, once Chuhar Kana, where Gurdwara Sacha Sauda marks Guru Nanak's "true bargain" of feeding hungry ascetics with the twenty rupees his father gave him.
• GGiani Gurbachan SinghFormer Jathedar of Sri Akal Takht Sahib (2008 to 2018)
• GGiani Harpreet SinghPresident of the Shiromani Akali Dal (Punar Surjit); former acting Jathedar of Sri Akal Takht Sahib and former Jathedar of Takht Sri Damdama Sahib
• Giani Kuldeep Singh GargajActing Jathedar of Sri Akal Takht Sahib and Jathedar of Takht Sri Kesgarh Sahib (from March 2025)
• GGiani Raghbir SinghJathedar of Sri Akal Takht Sahib (2023 to 2025); former Head Granthi of Sri Harmandir Sahib
• Golden Offset PressThe SGPC's printing press at Gurdwara Ramsar Sahib, Amritsar, where saroops are printed; the 2016 fire at its publication branch is a central point in the 328 missing saroops case.
• GurdaspurBorder district in Punjab's Majha belt: Banda Singh Bahadur's last stand at Gurdas Nangal in 1715, the 1947 border cut, and today's dispute over Christian conversion.
• Gurdwara Dera Sahib, LahoreThe Lahore shrine where Guru Arjan Dev Ji gave his life on 30 May 1606. The SGPC rebuilt it from 1930 to 1934; since 1947 Sikhs from India visit it by Pakistani permission.
• Gurdwara Janam Asthan, Nankana SahibThe shrine marking Guru Nanak Dev Ji's birthplace at Nankana Sahib in Pakistan, where 82 to 156 Sikhs were killed on 20 February 1921. Run by the SGPC from 1921 to 1947, it is now managed in Pakistan.
• Gurdwara Ramsar SahibShrine on the Ramsar tank in Amritsar where Guru Arjan prepared the Adi Granth in 1604; its SGPC publication department is the centre of the 328 missing saroops case.
• Gurdwara Yaadgaar ShaheedanMemorial inside the Golden Temple complex to those killed in the army attack of June 1984, built by Damdami Taksal kar sewa with SGPC approval. Kar sewa began in May 2012 and it opened in April 2013.
• GGurmeet Ram Rahim SinghHead of Dera Sacha Sauda (since 1990); serving 20 years for rape (2017)
• HHarcharan Singh, SGPC chief secretaryChief Secretary of the SGPC, 2015 to 2017
• HHarjinder Singh DhamiPresident of the SGPC (since November 2021); advocate
• HHarmeet Singh KalkaPresident of the Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee (elected January 2022, re-elected June 2025)
• HaryanaState cut out of Punjab in 1966: the other side in the SYL canal and Chandigarh disputes, site of 1984 killings that came to light in 2011, and home to its own gurdwara committee.
• Haryana Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee (HSGMC)The body set up under Haryana's 2014 gurdwara Act to run the state's gurdwaras, which had been under the SGPC; the Supreme Court upheld the Act on 20 September 2022.
• How many Sikhs were killed in fake encounters and “disappeared” in Punjab, 1984 to 1995?No official total exists. The state admitted 2,097 illegal cremations in Amritsar; Khalra estimated 25,000 across Punjab; later projects document thousands more.
• Is the 'Khalistani' label used to silence Sikh political speech in the diaspora?Delhi says the word names a real security threat. Canada's inquiry says India treats lawful advocacy and violence alike. The 2017 and 2019 episodes, India's own court, and the Panthic answer.
• Is the Anandpur Sahib Resolution a secessionist document or a federal demand?The Government of India called it secession in 1984, then signed a 1985 accord recording that it sits inside the Constitution. The texts and the Sarkaria referral show what each side relies on.
• JJathedar Gurcharan Singh TohraPresident of the SGPC (1973 to 1999 in stretches, and 2003 to 2004); Akali leader; Member of Parliament
• JJathedar Jagdev Singh TalwandiAkali Dal leader; former president of the Shiromani Akali Dal and of the SGPC
• JJathedar Tota SinghSenior vice-president of the Shiromani Akali Dal; SGPC member; Punjab education minister (1997 to 2002) and agriculture minister (2012 to 2017)
• Jawaharlal NehruFirst Prime Minister of India, 1947 to 1964
• K.P.S. Gill: did he end the armed movement, or preside over mass killings?Supporters credit Gill with ending the armed movement; rights groups say his force disappeared and secretly cremated thousands. No court has found against him personally.
• KKanwaljit SinghFormer assistant supervisor, SGPC publication department; accused in the 328 saroops case
• KhambraVillage near Jalandhar on the Nakodar road, home of Ankur Narula's Church of Signs and Wonders, described by The Tribune as Punjab's biggest Pentecostal church.
• KhojewalVillage in Kapurthala district, home of the Open Door Church led by Pastor Harpreet Deol, where the United Punjab Party was announced in April 2023, days after a church committee modelled on the SGPC.
• MMahant Narain DasUdasi mahant of Gurdwara Janam Asthan, Nankana Sahib; convicted for the massacre of 20 February 1921
• Manji Sahib Diwan HallLarge covered diwan hall in the Sri Harmandir Sahib complex at Amritsar where the SGPC holds its major Gurmat Samagams, from centenaries to the Sahibzade's martyrdom.
• MManohar Lal KhattarChief Minister of Haryana (2014 to 2024); Union Minister of Power and of Housing and Urban Affairs (from 2024)
• Master Akali DalThe part of the Akali Dal that stayed with Master Tara Singh after Sant Fateh Singh set up a rival Dal in July 1962. It lost the January 1965 SGPC elections, 45 seats to 90.
• MMaster Sundar Singh LyallpuriAkali pioneer, journalist and founder-editor of the daily Akali
• MMaster Tara SinghSGPC and Shiromani Akali Dal leader; Sikh spokesman at Partition; leader of the early Punjabi Suba demand
• Nankana SahibGuru Nanak's birthplace, once Talwandi Rai Bhoe, now a district in Pakistan's Punjab. It holds Gurdwara Janam Asthan and was the scene of the Saka Nankana Sahib massacre of 20 February 1921.
• NNarain Singh ChauraPro-Khalistan activist linked by police to the Akal Federation; accused in the December 2024 Harmandir Sahib firing case
• PParkash Singh BadalFive-time Chief Minister of Punjab; patriarch of the Shiromani Akali Dal
• PPrem Singh ChandumajraSenior Akali leader; former MP for Anandpur Sahib; one of the 2024 rebel leaders of the Shiromani Akali Dal
• PProfessor Kirpal Singh BadungarFormer president of the SGPC (2001 to 2003 and 2016 to 2017); Akali Dal leader
• PProfessor Sahib SinghSikh scholar and teacher; author of Gurbani Viakaran and Sri Guru Granth Sahib Darpan
• RishikeshTown on the Ganges in Uttarakhand where the Hemkund Sahib yatra is gathered and registered; the Hemkund Sahib Gurdwara there is the pilgrims' first halt.
• RRoop SinghFormer Chief Secretary of the SGPC
• SAD Sudhar LeharRebel Akali leaders' 2024 reform movement against Sukhbir Badal. Dissolved on 9 December 2024 after the Akal Takht's edict; a rival Akali faction led by Giani Harpreet Singh followed in August 2025.
• SGPC Dharam Parchar CommitteeThe SGPC's body for religious preaching, which runs the Shaheed Sikh Missionary College and village Gurmat camps. The 2025-26 SGPC budget set aside Rs 110 crore for it.
• FSant Fateh SinghAkali leader and holy man; leader of the Punjabi Suba movement; head of the Akali Dal that controlled the SGPC from 1962
• Sarbat KhalsaThe assembly of the whole Khalsa Panth, meeting before the Guru Granth Sahib at the Akal Takht. Its gurmatas bound every Sikh. Revived in 1986 and 2015, its authority is still contested.
• SSardar Hukam SinghAkali leader, Constituent Assembly member, editor of The Spokesman, Speaker of the Lok Sabha 1962 to 1967
• SSardar Sundar Singh MajithiaSecretary of the Chief Khalsa Diwan; first president of the SGPC; Revenue Minister of the Punjab government, 1937 to 1941
• SSardar Teja Singh SamundriAkali leader, founder-member and vice-president of the SGPC; builder of Sikh schools
• SSardar Ujjal SinghSikh delegate to the Round Table Conferences; Finance Minister of East Punjab, 1949 to 1956; Governor of Punjab, 1965 to 1966
• SSatinder Singh KohliChartered accountant; former internal auditor of the SGPC; accused in the 328 missing saroops case
• Sehajdhari Sikh Federation (now Sehajdhari Sikh Party)Body of Sehajdhari Sikhs formed in 2001, now the Sehajdhari Sikh Party. Its petition got the 2003 order barring Sehajdharis from SGPC polls quashed in 2011; Parliament's 2016 amendment overrode that.
• Sher-e-Punjab DalPolitical party announced in June 2024 by Bhai Baldev Singh Wadala, a former Hazoori Ragi of Sri Darbar Sahib, on a Panthic platform against SGPC faction control and Akali Dal family rule.
• Shiromani Akali DalThe Sikh political party founded on 14 December 1920 as the Akali movement's task force. It led the morchas and the Punjabi Suba campaign and is now split into rival factions.
• Shiromani Akali Dal (Punar Surjit)The Akali breakaway led by former Akal Takht jathedar Giani Harpreet Singh. Formed in 2025 after the Akal Takht's directions to the Badal-led Akali Dal, it is now looking for allies before 2027.
• Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC)The elected body that runs the historic gurdwaras of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Chandigarh, born of the Akali reform movement of 1920 and governed by the Sikh Gurdwaras Act of 1925.
• Sikh Prachar Conference (Sarb Hind Sikh Mission)The SGPC's April 1936 preaching conference at Amritsar, called after Ambedkar's 1935 vow to leave Hinduism. It founded the Sarb Hind Sikh Mission; Ambedkar and his followers did not convert.
• Sikh Sadbhawna DalA Panthic reform group led by Bhai Baldev Singh Wadala. Its sit-in on Heritage Street, Amritsar, over the 328 missing saroops began in November 2020; an FIR followed in December 2025.
• SSir Malcolm HaileyGovernor of the Punjab (1924 to 1928)
• SirhindMughal-era town where Guru Gobind Singh's younger sons, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh, were put to death on Wazir Khan's order; Sikhs razed it in 1710 and 1764. Fatehgarh Sahib marks the site.
• Sri Akal Takht SahibThe senior seat of Sikh religious authority, raised opposite the Harmandir in Amritsar by Guru Hargobind in 1606. Its hukamnamas bind the Panth, and who holds its jathedar's office is hotly contested.
• Sri Anandpur SahibThe City of Bliss, founded by Guru Tegh Bahadur in 1665. Birthplace of the Khalsa on Baisakhi 1699 and home of Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib, one of the five Takhts.
• Sri Harmandir SahibThe central shrine of the Sikh Panth, raised by Guru Arjan Dev in the Amrit Sarovar at Amritsar. Attacked and rebuilt many times, most recently in June 1984. Managed by the SGPC.
• SSukhbir Singh BadalPresident of the Shiromani Akali Dal; former Deputy Chief Minister of Punjab
• Takht Sri Damdama SahibOne of the five takhts, at Talwandi Sabo, where Guru Gobind Singh stayed in 1706 and Bhai Mani Singh prepared a fresh Guru Granth Sahib; the SGPC approved its status as a takht in 1966.
• Takht Sri Hazur SahibOne of the five takhts, at Nanded in Maharashtra, where Guru Gobind Singh passed the Guruship to the Guru Granth Sahib and died in 1708; its 1956 Act is again the subject of a dispute with the state.
• Takht Sri Keshgarh SahibOne of the five Takhts, on the hillock of Kesgarh fort at Anandpur Sahib, where Guru Gobind Singh created the Khalsa on 30 March 1699; run by the SGPC since 1923.
• Tarn TaranSikh holy town founded by Guru Arjan Dev in 1596, now a district. Also a place in the record of the cremation grounds Jaswant Singh Khalra examined in 1994 and 1995.
• The Nanakshahi calendar: why did the SGPC drop it?Pal Singh Purewal's fixed-date calendar was adopted in 2003 and amended in 2010. The SGPC says its calendar is still Nanakshahi; the PSGPC and some diaspora gurdwaras keep the original.
• United Christian FrontPunjab body of Christian churches whose state president, Kamal Bakshi, told ThePrint in 2021 it had committees in 8,000 of Punjab's 12,000 villages. Its figures are its own claims.
• Was Amritpal Singh's detention under the National Security Act justified?The state cites a threat to public order; critics cite three years without trial and an MP kept from his seat. The orders, the courts, what is unproven, and the Panthic answer.
• Was November 1984 a genocide or “riots”?India rejects the word genocide; the Delhi High Court found crimes against humanity; the Akal Takht and SGPC say genocide. The toll, the findings and the Panthic reply.
• Was the 2015 Sarbat Khalsa legitimate?The SGPC called the 13 resolutions of Chabba void and police filed sedition charges, later annulled. What the Encyclopaedia of Sikhism, the record and Panthic voices say about who may call one.
• Was the 2020 to 2021 farmers' protest a 'Khalistani' movement?Officials said Khalistanis had infiltrated it; the reports cite no evidence, the Red Fort flag was a Nishan Sahib, and Sikh bodies say it was about the laws. Bhai Ajmer Singh says why Punjab rose.
• Was the Punjabi Suba demand linguistic or religious?The 1955 Commission read it as a communal demand in language terms; Akali leaders said language only. The census, their own history and Bhai Ajmer Singh's counsel show what the record supports.
• Was the Rajiv-Longowal Accord a betrayal or a lost opportunity?Signed July 1985, never fully kept: Chandigarh did not move. Its negotiators blame Akali rivals; the 1986 Sarbat Khalsa called it a breach of trust. What the text and record show, and each answer.
• Was the burning of the Sikh Reference Library and the damage to Sri Akal Takht Sahib deliberate?The Army says the Library burned in the fighting and the Takht fell to a fortified battle. Sikh sources say the Library was burned after it. The Centre has admitted holding seized Sikh manuscripts.
• Were the Kharkus “terrorists”? The state’s label and the Sikh viewThe state calls the armed Sikh groups “terrorists” and points to civilian killings; Sikh institutions honour Shaheeds. What the record shows on both sides.
• Who organised the November 1984 killings, and why were so few convicted?Inquiries named local Congress leaders and the Delhi Police; none found the high command guilty; 587 FIRs produced few convictions. What the record shows and what the Panth says.
• Who should appoint the Jathedar of Sri Akal Takht Sahib?The SGPC executive appoints and removes him, yet the 1925 Act never uses the word Jathedar. The SGPC's case, the Panth's case, and the rules still promised.
• Who was behind the 2015 Bargari beadbi and the Behbal Kalan firing?Three agencies gave three answers on who did the 2015 Bargari beadbi; the charges over Behbal Kalan are denied. No court has decided. The record in order, and the Panthic answer.
• Who wrote the Dasam Granth, and why does the question matter?Who composed and compiled it, the disputed Mani Singh letter, the Akal Takht's 2008 stand, and the Nitnem banis drawn from it. Critics, Takht Patna Sahib, scholars and Bhai Ajmer Singh each on record.
• Whose capital is Chandigarh?A Union Territory since 1966, claimed by Punjab and Haryana. The Centre promised it to Punjab in 1970 and 1985 but tied it to land for Haryana. The record in order, and what each side says.
• Whose water is it? Punjab's river waters and the SYL canalHaryana cites the 1976, 1981 and 1987 shares and three Supreme Court rulings; Punjab and its Panthic bodies cite riparian right and falling water. The treaty, tribunal, courts and the Panthic answer.
• Why are Bandi Singhs still jailed after completing their sentences?Life terms with no end date, remission by discretion, and a Centre, state and UT chain of who decides. The 2019 promise to free eight, the named cases, and the Panthic answer.
• YYashwant Rao AmbedkarSon of B. R. Ambedkar; editor; president of the Buddhist Society of India